Facebook Could Soon Have More Dead Users Than Alive

 

According to a new study by the Oxford Internet Institute, Facebook could have more dead users than alive within the next 50 years. Which raises some unsettling questions beyond the immediate horror of a half-deceased friend list: should this “digital graveyard” be preserved? Who should have access to the online records of billions of lives? And how do we prevent this data from being exploited for economic gain? If Facebook continues to grow at its current rate, the site could have 4.9 billion deceased members by 2100, according to a study by Oxford researchers. Even if growth had stopped entirely last year, the study finds, Facebook would be looking at about 1.4 billion dead members by 2100. By 2070, in that scenario, the dead would already outnumber the living.

The study, which was recently published in the journal Big Data & Society used three types of data: projected 21st century mortality rates, calculated using United Nations data and distributed by age and nationality; projected population data, also derived from UN figures and spread by age and nationality; and Facebook user totals for every country and age group, derived from Facebook’s Audience Insights page.

After analysing the data, the researchers established two extreme scenarios, with the reality expected to sit somewhere in the middle. In the former, which the researchers call “highly unlikely,” no new Facebook users join the platform as of 2018. In 2060, the number of dead profiles worldwide exceeds 500 million; by 2079, that figure tops a billion. 1.4 billion users die by 2100 — 98 per cent of the network’s estimated 1.43 billion users. By the end of the century, 44 per cent of dead profiles come from Asia, with India and Indonesia contributing almost half that: 279 million dead profiles. And by 2070, dead users outnumber the living on Facebook.

The findings are reportedly based on UN population data and information from Facebook’s Audience Insights tool, raise questions over “who has the right to all this data, how should it be managed in the best interests of the families and friends of the deceased and its use by future historians to understand the past”, said Carl Öhman of the Oxford Internet Institute (OLL) in a statement.

“Never before in history has such a vast archive of human behaviour and culture been assembled in one place,” added his co-author David Watson. “Controlling this archive will, in a sense, be to control our history.” He cautioned against leaving access to the data in the hands of “a single for-profit firm”.

While Facebook keeps accumulating users and expanding at its current global rate of 13 per cent per year, of course it’s pretty common knowledge that pretty much everyone has a profile these days – some even multiple. The number of dead users won’t equal the living until the first decades of the 22nd century — but by 2100, there’ll be a staggering 4.9 million dead profiles on Facebook and that figure is only rising.

As of right now, it’s expected that Asia will still contribute 42 per cent of dead profiles, but Africa’s not far behind, contributing 36 per cent; in particular, 6 per cent of dead profiles will come from Nigeria, surpassed only by India with 16 per cent, while Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso also make the top ten with 3, 2, and 2 per cent respectively.

What’s the significance of this data? Lead author Carl Öhman, a doctoral candidate at the Oxford Internet Institute, said in a press release, “These statistics give rise to new and difficult questions around who has the right to all this data, how should it be managed in the best interests of the families and friends of the deceased and its use by future historians to understand the past.”

“The management of our digital remains will eventually affect everyone who uses social media, since all of us will one day pass away and leave our data behind,” Öhman explained. “But the totality of the deceased user profiles also amounts to something larger than the sum of its parts. It is, or will at least become, part of our global digital heritage.”

Co-author David Watson, another doctoral candidate, added, “Never before in history has such a vast archive of human behaviour and culture been assembled in one place. Controlling this archive will, in a sense, be to control our history. It is therefore important that we ensure that access to these historical data is not limited to a single for-profit firm. It is also important to make sure that future generations can use our digital heritage to understand their history.”